Table 1. Pharmacological effects of pretreated mangiferin in vivo.
|
Animals |
Toxins |
MGF Dose |
Duration |
Molecular Results |
Ref. |
|
Swiss albino mice |
CdCl2 |
2.5 mg/kg; i.p. |
30 d |
Antioxidants (GSH, GST, SOD, CAT)↑ |
[22] |
|
Male BALB/c mice |
LPS |
1–200 mg/kg |
1 h |
Inflammation (TNF-α)↓ Oxidative stress (ROS)↓ |
[23] |
|
Male C57BL/6 mice |
Acetaminophen |
12.5−50 mg/kg; i.p.
|
1 h |
Antioxidants (GSH, SOD)↑ Oxidative stress (ROS)↓ AMPK activation ↑ Inflammation (TNF-α, MCP-1, CXCL-1, JNK, CXCL-2, IL-1β, IL-6)↓ |
[24] |
|
Male Wistar rats |
IR |
20 mg/kg; i.p. |
3 d |
Apoptosis (Caspase-3↓, Bcl-2)↑ Inflammation (NF-қB-p65, IL-1β, IL-6)↓ Antioxidants (GST)↑ Oxidative stress (MDA)↓ |
[22][25] |
|
Female Wistar rats |
Iron-dextran |
40 mg/kg; orally |
7 d |
Antioxidants (GPx, GSH, SOD)↑ |
[26] |
|
Male albino rats |
CCl4 |
30 and 60 mg/kg; p.o. |
7 d |
Antioxidants (GSH, GPx, GST, GRD, TBARS, SOD, CAT)↑ |
[27] |
|
Male and female albino rats |
CCl4 |
60 mg/kg; p.o. |
7 d |
Antioxidants (GSH, SOD, CAT)↑ |
[28] |
|
Male BALB/c mice |
LPS (50 lg/kg) and D-GalN (800 mg/kg). |
5, 10 and 20 mg/kg; (intragastric) |
8 h |
ER stress (CHOP, GRP78) ↓ miR-20a/miR-101a↓ Nrf2↑ |
[29] |
AMPK; AMP-activated protein kinase, Bcl-2; B-cell lymphoma 2, caspases; cysteine aspartases, CAT; catalase, CCl4; carbon tetrachloride, CdCl2; cadmium chloride, CXCL; chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand, D-GalN; D-galactosamine, GPx; glutathione peroxidase, GRD; glutathione reductase, GRP78; glucose-regulated protein 78, GSH; glutathione, GST; glutathione S-transferase, i.e.; intragastric, i.p.; intraperitoneal, ILs; interleukin, IR; ischemia-reperfusion, LPS; lipopolysaccharide, MCP-1; monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, MDA; malondialdehyde, NFκB; nuclear factor kappa β, Nrf2; nuclear erythroid 2–related factor 2, ROS; reactive oxygen species; SOD; superoxide dismutase, STZ; streptozotocin, TBARS; thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, TNF; tumor necrosis factor.