Group

Treatment

Percent inhibition of pain after treatment

Early phase

Late phase

Negative control 

DMSO 5%  

100.00±0.00^a

100.00±0.00^a

Normal control

Formalin 2.5%

0.00±0.00^c

0.00±0.00^e

Positive control

Formalin 2.5% + Paracetamol (50mg/kg bw)

45.79±1.68^b

41.79±1.51^b

Experimental groups

A

 Formalin + C. pareira (50mg/kg bw)

35.80±3.18^b

11.89±1.94^de

B

 Formalin + C. pareira (100mg/kg bw)

37.04±5.85^b

22.22±4.15^cd 

C

 Formalin + C. pareira (150mg/kg bw)

51.50±4.44^b

28.22±4.31^bc 

D

 Formalin + C. pareira (200mg/kg bw)

39.68±4.82^b

20.11±4.65^cd

E

 Formalin + C. pareira (250mg/kg bw)

35.27±3.77^b

14.29±3.87^cde

Values are expressed as Mean ± SEM. Statistical comparison was made within a column. Values with the same superscript are not significantly different (p>0.05).