In vivo antidiabetic efficacy, mineral element composition, and qualitative phytochemistry of the aqueous leaf extracts of Pentas zanzibarica (Klotzsch.) Vatke and Olea europaea subspecies africana (Mill.)

Table 3. Effects of the aqueous root extract of O. europaea Subspecies africana on blood glucose levels in alloxan-induced diabetic mice.

Treatment group	Blood glucose levels (mg/dL)
Treatment group	0 h	1^st h	2^nd h	3^rd h	4^th h
Normal control	60.82±1.78^e_a	55.38±1.13^e_b	52.48±1.23^e_c	52.66±1.60^d_c	51.80±2.48^d_c
Negative control	170.86±4.39^a_b	199.38±1.64^a_b	210.16±1.19^a_ab	201.10±20.30^a_b	232.89±5.53^a_a
Positive control	165.31±1.77^a_a	51.32±1.21^f_b	48.10±1.31^f_c	46.92±1.26^e_c	51.25±1.36^d_b
Experimental group 1	165.74±3.66^a_a	94.08±1.35^b_b	84.34±1.41^b_c	71.56±1.48^b_d	65.26±1.46^b_e
Experimental group 2	158.14±3.49^a_a	79.66±1.38^c_b	69.78±1.33^c_c	61.70±1.54^c_d	53.68±1.48^c_e
Experimental group 3	161.66±2.19^a_a	73.42±1.24^d_b	66.00±1.32^d_c	54.96±1.43^d_d	44.48±1.35^e_e

Values are presented as x±SEM; Values with different alphabet superscripts within the same columns, and those with different alphabet subscripts across the same rows, are significantly different (One-Way ANOVA with Fisher’s LSD test). Normal control: Physiologic saline (10 mL/kg body weight); Negative control: Alloxan (150 mg/kg body weight; i.p) + Physiologic saline (10 mL/kg body weight; i.p); Positive control: Alloxan (150 mg/kg body weight ; i.p) + Insulin (1 IU/kg body weight; i.p); Experimental group 1: Alloxan (150 mg/kg body weight; i.p) + O. europaea subspecies africana (50 mg/kg body weight; i.p); Experimental group 2: Alloxan (150 mg/kg body weight; i.p) + O. europaea subspecies africana (100 mg/kg body weight; i.p) ; Experimental group 3: Alloxan (150 mg/kg body weight; i.p) + O. europaea subspecies africana (150 mg/kg body weight; i.p).