In vivo antidiabetic efficacy, mineral element composition, and qualitative phytochemistry of the aqueous leaf extracts of Pentas zanzibarica (Klotzsch.) Vatke and Olea europaea subspecies africana (Mill.)

Table 2. Effects of the aqueous leaf extract of P. zanzibarica on blood glucose levels in alloxan-induced diabetic mice.

Treatment group	Blood glucose levels (mg/dL)
Treatment group	0 h	1^st h	2^nd h	3^rd h	4^th h
Normal control	60.82±1.78^b_a	55.38±1.13^e_b	52.48±1.23^e_c	52.66±1.60^b_c	51.80±2.48^b_c
Negative control	170.86±4.39^a_b	199.38±1.64^a_b	210.16±1.19^a_ab	201.10±20.30^a_b	232.89±2.53^a_a
Positive control	165.31±1.77^a_a	151.32±1.21^f_b	148.10±1.31^f_c	46.92±1.26^b_c	151.25±1.36^bc_b
Experimental group 1	163.26±2.24^a_a	115.36±1.50^b_b	85.46±1.97^b_c	66.96±2.30^b_d	52.12±1.16^b_e
Experimental group 2	166.98±1.56^a_a	97.80±1.24^c_b	75.30±1.35^c_c	57.32±1.25^c_d	48.90±1.40^c_e
Experimental group 3	168.64±2.96^a_a	84.94±1.42^d_b	65.74±1.44^d_c	51.08±1.07^d_d	42.46±1.80^d_e

Values are presented as x±SEM; Values with different alphabet superscripts within the same columns, and those with different alphabet subscripts across the same rows, are significantly different (One-Way ANOVA with Fisher’s LSD post hoc test). Normal control: Physiologic saline (10 mL/kg body weight); Negative control: Alloxan (150 mg/kg body weight; i.p) + Physiologic saline (10 mL/kg body weight; i.p); Positive control: Alloxan (150 mg/kg body weight; i.p) + Insulin (1 IU/kg body weight; i.p); Experimental group 1: Alloxan (150 mg/kg body weight ; i.p) + P. zanzibarica (50 mg/kg body weight ; i.p); Experimental group 2: Alloxan (150 mg/kg body weight; i.p) + P. zanzibarica (100 mg/kg body weight ; i.p); Experimental group 3: Alloxan (150 mg/kg body weight; i.p) + P. zanzibarica (150 mg/kg body weight; i.p).