Table 2. Effect of exercise and oral melatonin on blood glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, lipid profiles, leptin and adiponectin levels of rat.
|
|
NC |
DM |
DME |
DMM |
DMME |
|
FBG (mmol/L) |
6.5±0.2 |
17.5±0.9*** |
13.0±0.4**# |
11.2±0.8**## |
8.8±0.6*### |
|
Insulin (IU/L) |
11.95±0.40 |
19.36±0.97** |
15.18±1.29*# |
12.94±0.66### |
11.79±0.82### |
|
Insulin resistance |
3.47±0.19 |
15.16±1.20*** |
8.65±0.61*# |
6.42±0.5*9### |
4.64±0.43### |
|
TC (mg/dL) |
144±8 |
214±8*** |
172±7*# |
170±6## |
157±3### |
|
TG (mg/dL) |
126±1 |
193±18** |
145±5*## |
136±5## |
119±3### |
|
HDL (mg/dL) |
41±2 |
21±1*** |
30±1***### |
33±1*### |
36±2### |
|
LDL (mg/dL) |
13±1 |
34±1*** |
16±1### |
16±1### |
14±1### |
|
VLDL (mg/dL) |
27±1 |
44±4** |
31±1*## |
29±1### |
26±1### |
|
Leptin (ng/ml) |
2.38±0.12 |
4.47±0.21*** |
4.26±0.06*** |
3.98±0.16** |
2.63±0.15### |
|
Adiponectin (ng/ml) |
12.92±0.59 |
7.74±0.19*** |
10.08±0.32**## |
9.91±0.36**## |
11.08±0.42*### |
|
CORT (ng/ml) |
130±8 |
186±10** |
157±4* |
156±9# |
141±8## |
NC, normal control; DM, diabetes mellitus control group; DME. diabetic rat with exercise group; DMM. diabetic rat with oral melatonin group, DMME, diabetic rat with exercise and melatonin group. FBG fasting blood glucose, TG triglyceride, TC total cholesterol, HDL high-density lipoprotein and LDL low-density lipoprotein, VLDL very low-density lipoprotein, CORT corticosterone. Data are presented as mean ± SE, *p<0.05 vs. control, and #p < 0.05 vs. DM.